Abe ([abe]) is one of several Japanese surnames (安倍, 安部, 阿部) and can refer to:
The Abe clan, one of the oldest Japanese clans, which was particularly prominent in the Heian periodAsami Abe (born 1985), Japanese J-pop singerGenki Abe (1894–1989), pre-war police bureaucrat and head of the Tokko police, and war-time cabinet ministerHiroaki Abe (1889–1949), Japanese admiralHiroshi Abe (actor) (born 1964), Japanese model and actorHiroshi Abe (astronomer), Japanese astronomerJun Abe (born 1955), Japanese photographerJuran Hisao (born Masao Abe; 1902–1957), Japanese authorKan Abe (1894–1946), Japanese politician, father of Shintaro AbeKazushige Abe (born 1968), Japanese authorKeigo Abe (born 1938), Senior Shotokan karate instructorKeiko Abe (born 1937), Japanese composer and virtuoso marimba playerKenshiro Abbe (born Kenshirō Abe; 1915–1985), Japanese martial artist in the United KingdomKōbō Abe (born Kimifusa Abe; 1924–1993), Japanese authorKōsō Abe (1892–1947), Japanese admiral, executed as war criminalMao Abe (born 1990), Japanese singerMasao Abe (1915–2006), Japanese academic in Buddhist philosophy and comparative religionMasashi Abe (born 1965), Japanese Nordic combined skierAbe no Nakamaro, scholar, administrator, and waka poet in the Nara periodNatsumi Abe (born 1981), Japanese J-pop singerNobuyuki Abe (1875–1953), 36th Prime Minister of JapanNorick Abe (1975–2007), Japanese motorcycle road racerSada Abe (1905 – after 1970), Japanese convicted murderer, prostitute, actressSadao Abe (born 1970), Japanese actorSatoru Abe (born 1926), American sculptorAbe no Seimei, an onmyōji, a leading specialist of onmyōdō during the middle of the Heian Period in JapanAbe no Yasuna, a disciple of Kamo no Yasunori and father of Abe no SeimeiShinnosuke Abe (born 1979), Japanese baseball player for the Yomiuri GiantsShintaro Abe (1924–1991), Japanese politician, father of ShinzoShinzō Abe (born 1954), 90th and 96th Prime Minister of JapanTakakazu Abe, characterTokiharu Abe (1911–1996), Japanese ichthyologistTomoji Abe (1903–1973), Japanese novelistKae Araki, (born Yoshie Abe, 1963), Japanese voice actressYoshishige Abe (1883–1966), educator, cabinet ministerYoshiteru Abe, Japanese go playerYoshitoshi Abe (born 1971), Japanese graphic artistYoshiyuki Abe (born 1969), Japanese professional cyclistYuki Abe (born 1981), Japanese international football (association) playerYumiko Abe (born 1979), Japanese professional wrestlerYutaka Abe (1895–1977), Japanese film director