Aaberg or Åberg is a surname of Swedish origin. People with this surname include:
Arvid Åberg (1885–1950), Swedish athlete
Georg Åberg (1893–1946), Swedish athlete
Jan Håkan Åberg (born 1916), Swedish composer
Inga Åberg (1773–1837), Swedish actress and singer
Lars Wilhelm Åberg 1879–1942), Finnish engineer and businessman
Lasse Åberg (born 1940), Swedish film director
Majken Åberg (1918–1999), Swedish discus thrower
Philip Aaberg (born 1949), US jazz pianist
Sandro Key-Åberg (1922–1991), Swedish poet and novelist
Sean Aaberg (born 1976), US artist
Ulrika Åberg (1771–1852), Swedish dancer
