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Roman Empire
May 11 – Emperor Constantine the Great dedicates Constantinople, or Nova Roma (modern Istanbul), and moves the capitol of the Roman Empire there from Rome. He has spent 4 years building the city on the site of ancient Byzantium, having chosen the site for its strategic location (a seaport with easy access to Anatolia and the Danube).
The Goths devastate the city of Tanais in the Don River delta.
Africa
Ezana, king of Axum, extends his area of control to the west. He defeats the Nobates, and destroys the kingdom of Meroë.
Religion
Frumentius is the first bishop of Ethiopia (approximate date).
Eustathius, Patriarch of Antioch, is banished to Trajanopolis.
The Bible is translated into the Gothic language by Wulfila.
Pagan temples begin to be progressively abandoned, destroyed or left to fall into disrepair, save those that are transformed into Christian churches.
Roman Empire
Emperor Constantine the Great vigorously promotes Christianity, confiscating the property and valuables of a number of pagan temples throughout the Roman Empire.
Constantine I dedicates the Church of the Holy Apostles in Constantinople.
Constantine I promulgates a law against divorce.
Arts and sciences
Eusebius of Caesarea writes the Onomasticon.
Religion
Gregory the Illuminator withdraws to a small sanctuary in the Daranali province (Armenia).
Roman Empire
Emperor Constantine I and his son Constantine II, aged 16, defeat the Goths in Moesia. The Goths become Roman allies and protect the Danube frontier.
Constantine I constructs a bridge across the Danube in order to increase trade between the Visigoths and Rome.
May 18 – Constantine I announces a free distribution of food to the citizens in Constantinople, similar to the food given out in the city of Rome. The amount is approximately 80,000 rations a day, doled out from 117 distribution points around the city.
Roman Empire
Flavius Dalmatius and Domitius Zenofilus are appointed consuls.
Emperor Constantine the Great pulls Roman troops out of Britain and abandons work on Hadrian's Wall.
Calocaerus revolts against Constantine I and proclaims himself emperor. Flavius Dalmatius, responsible for the security of the eastern frontier, is sent to Cyprus to suppress the rebellion.
December 25 – Constantine I elevates his youngest son Constans to the rank of Caesar at Constantinople.
China
Shi Hong succeeds his father Shi Le as Emperor of the Later Zhao Empire, in the Period of the Sixteen Kingdoms, but Shi Hu held real power. Empress Dowager Liu widow of Shi Le failed to get rid of Shi Hu and Shi Hu had her deposed and killed.
Roman Empire
Flavius Dalmatius puts down a revolt in Cyprus led by Calocaerus. Calocaerus is brought to Tarsus (Cilicia) and executed.
The Goths protect the Danube frontier against an invasion by the Vandals.
Emperor Constantine the Great reauthorises gladiatorial combat.
Julius Firmicus Maternus makes the first recorded observation of solar prominences, during an annular eclipse (July 17).
Roman Empire
September 14 – Emperor Constantine I consecrates the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem.
September 19 – Flavius Dalmatius is raised to the rank of Caesar, with control of Thracia and Macedonia.
Hannibalianus, nephew of Constantine I, is made Rex Regum ("King of Kings of the Pontic people").
November 7 – Athanasius is banished to Trier, on charge that he prevented the corn fleet from sailing to Constantinople.
Asia
Samudragupta succeeds Chandragupta I as king of the Gupta Empire.
Tuoba Hena ousts Tuoba Yihuai as chieftain of the Tuoba Clan.
Emperor Shi Hu moves the capital of the Later Zhao state to Yecheng.
Religion
First Synod of Tyre: Constantine I convenes a gathering of bishops at Tyre to depose and exile Patriarch Athanasius of Alexandria.
Constantine I reinstates the Alexandrian priest Arius (declared a heretic at the First Council of Nicaea in 325) in a synod at Jerusalem about a year before Arius' death.
September 13 – The Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem is consecrated.
December 31 – Pope Sylvester I dies at Rome after a 21-year reign. He is succeeded by Mark as the 34th pope.
Roman Empire
The military successes of Emperor Constantine I result in most of Dacia being reconquered by the Roman Empire.
The first recorded customs tariff is in use in Palmyra.
Religion
January 18 – Pope Mark succeeds Pope Sylvester I as the 34th pope.
Pope Mark begins to build the basilica of San Marco; the church is devoted to St. Mark.
Arius, Alexandrian priest, collapses in the street at Constantinople (approximate date).
Pope Mark dies at Rome after an 11-month reign. No successor is immediately found.
Roman Empire
May 22 – Constantine the Great, first Christian Roman emperor of the Western Empire (312–324), and of the Roman Empire (324–337), dies in Achyron, near Nicomedia, at age 65 after he is baptized by Eusebius of Nicomedia.
September 9 – Constantine II, Constantius II, and Constans succeed their father Constantine I as co-emperors. The Roman Empire is divided between the three Augusti (see map).
September – A number of descendants of Constantius Chlorus, and officials of the Roman Empire, are executed for a purge against the sons of Constantine I.
Persia
King Shapur II of Persia begins a war against the Roman Empire. He sends his troops across the Tigris to recover Armenia and Mesopotamia.
Shapur II besieges the Roman fortress of Nisibis (Syria), but is repulsed by the forces under Lucilianus.
China
Murong Huang claims the title of Prince of Yan, effectively beginning the kingdom of Former Yan.
Religion
February 6 – A 4-month papal vacancy ends. Pope Julius I succeeds Pope Mark as the 35th pope.
June 17 – Constantius II announces the restoration of Athanasius as Patriarch of Alexandria.
Paul I becomes Patriarch of Constantinople.
Christianity is declared an official religion in Caucasian Iberia, marking the rise of Christianity in Georgia.
Roman Empire
The Romans, allied with the Goths, arrive in the north of the Roman Empire to protect the Danube frontier.
Emperor Constantius II intervenes against the Persians in Armenia.
Persia
Shapur II, king of the Persian Empire, begins a widespread persecution of Christians; he orders forcible conversions to the state religion, Zoroastrianism, lest the Christians disrupt his realm while he is away fighting the Romans in Armenia and Mesopotamia.
Asia
Tuoba Yihuai, ruler of the Tuoba Dai clan, dies and is succeeded by his brother Tuoba Shiyijian.
Art
Church of Santa Costanza, Rome, is started to be built (approximate date).
Religion
Eusebius of Nicomedia becomes Patriarch of Constantinople after Paul I is banished.
Non-Christians are persecuted by the Roman Empire as pagans.
Roman Empire
Emperor Constantius II hastens to his territory in the East, where a revived Persia under king Shapur II is attacking Mesopotamia. For the next 11 years the two powers engage in a war of border skirmishing with no real victor.
Religion
Pope Julius I gives refuge at Rome to the Alexandrian patriarch Athanasius, who is deposed and expelled during the First Synod of Tyre (see 335).
Eusebius of Nicomedia is made bishop of Constantinople, while another Arian succeeds Athanasius as bishop of Alexandria under the name Gregory.
Constantine I
Constantine II
Constantius II
Constans
Flavius Claudius Julianus, better known as Julian. Born in 331 or 332, he would eventually become a Roman emperor.
Flavius Jovianus, better known as Jovian. Born in 331, he would eventually become a Roman emperor.
Flavius Magnus Maximus, better known as Magnus Maximus. Born c. 335, he would eventually become a Western Roman emperor.
Constantine the Great, Roman emperor. Died in 337.
330s Wikipedia (Text) CC BY-SA
