Çetinkaya ([tʃeˈtiːnˈkaˈja]) is a Turkish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Ali Çetinkaya (1878–1949), Turkish Army officer
Burcu Çetinkaya (born 1981), Turkish female rally driver and television representer
Gürkan Çetinkaya (born 1987), Turkish ice hockey player
Hasan Cetinkaya, Swedish footballer
Kelime Çetinkaya (born 1982), Turkish female cross country skier
Meral Çetinkaya (born 1945), Turkish film actress
Murat Çetinkaya (born 1976), Governor of the Central Bank of Turkey
Olcay Çetinkaya (born 1979), Turkish footballer